Understanding the THC-M Cannabinoid

There are over 30,000 peer-reviewed entries on the topic of cannabis, but little has been written about a rare cannabinoid known as THC-M. So what is it, really? What’s the difference between THC-M and its well-known counterpart, Delta 9 THC?

Let’s take a look at the specific components that make up THC-M.

Major Facts

• THC-M is a synthetic derivative of THC, but does not occur naturally in cannabis plants.
• Cannabis and THC have been extensively researched, but more research is needed about THC-M.
• It is important to pay attention to federal and state laws regarding cannabis and hemp use.

Let’s examine this alternative cannabinoid a bit closer and tell you what we know.

A Closer Look at THC-M

When you search “THC-M” online, and you will come up with a mixed bag of results. Part of the reason for this is that the term itself is seen very little in scientific literature and clinical studies.

A few things might pop up in your search for THC-M. You might come across the term “tetrahydrocannabinol-monoacetic acid,” which is an analog of THC (a similar compound to THC with a different chemical structure). This is a misnomer.

The most common results (and what we’ll be talking about today) will lead you to “tetrahydrocannabinol monomethyl ether,” which appears written as THC-M, THCM, Δ⁹-THC methyl ether, and Delta-9-THC monomethyl ether, depending on the context.

Let’s break down what we know about THC-M, starting with some THC and chemistry 101. 

THC 101

THC is the main psychoactive compound found in cannabis, although it must first go through a heating process called decarboxylation (smoking or baking) before it acquires its psychoactive properties.

Through this process, THC is able to bind to CB1 receptors in the brain. This is what produces a “high” and psychoactive effects.

The calling card of cannabinoids is that they react with the body’s endocannabinoid system. This system is responsible for a whole host of operations, including our sleep, mood, and sensations of hunger and pain.

That’s why THC usually results in effects like increased appetite, stress relief, pain relief, and other potential therapeutic benefits.

THC and THC-M on a Molecular Level

The most recognized form of THC is Delta 9 THC. This is often what people are referring to when they say “THC.” Delta 9 indicates that a double bond occurs between the ninth and tenth carbon atoms of the THC molecule. 

Where this double bond occurs in the makeup of a THC molecule determines how it binds to the CB1 receptors in our brain. Delta 8 THC, an isomer of Delta 9 THC (same molecular formula, but different arrangement of atoms), has a weaker bond to our CB1 receptors. This is why it is thought to produce a milder high than Delta 9 THC.

Structurally, THC is composed of  

• a cyclohexene ring
• a pentyl side chain
• a benzene ring
• and a hydroxyl group, which is attached to the benzene ring
• altogether, a molecule of THC has 21 carbon atoms, 30 hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms.

Let’s go back to those hydroxyl groups found in THC.

A hydroxyl group is a functional group that occurs when an oxygen atom binds to a hydrogen atom in a molecule. This particular grouping of hydrogen and oxygen can also be found in many carbohydrates and proteins as well as alcohol. Present in THC, a hydroxyl group helps THC bind to CB1 receptors.

When it comes to the body, equipped with its hydroxyl group, THC is able to 

• Travel through the bloodstream, thanks to the polar qualities of the hydroxyl group that allow it to easily dissolve in water.
• Pass through the blood-brain barrier, because the remaining properties of THC are more fat-soluble.

What Is THC-M?

THC-M, or Tetrahydrocannabinol-M, is a cannabinoid that is part of the broader family of compounds found in the cannabis plant. While most people are familiar with THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol) and its psychoactive effects, THC-M is a lesser-known derivative that is gaining attention for its unique properties and potential benefits.

Research into THC-M is still in its early stages, but preliminary studies suggest that it may possess various therapeutic effects similar to those of other cannabinoids. These effects could include pain relief, anti-inflammatory properties, and potential anxiolytic effects, making it an intriguing option for individuals seeking natural alternatives for managing certain health conditions.

One of the fascinating aspects of THC-M is its relationship with other cannabinoids, which can work synergistically to enhance the overall therapeutic effects. This phenomenon, known as the “entourage effect,” suggests that the combination of different cannabinoids, terpenes, and other compounds in the cannabis plant may create a more significant impact than any single compound alone.

As interest in the cannabis industry grows, the exploration of cannabinoids like THC-M will likely continue to expand, paving the way for innovative products that harness the benefits of these lesser-known compounds. As always, it’s crucial to approach any new substance with caution and consult healthcare professionals when considering its use for therapeutic purposes.